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Saturday, March 5, 2016

Native American Solutrean , Haplo group X, Rhesus Negative Connection

 The Solutrean theory is highly controversial and has been highly refuted by archaeologists who back the "out of Asia" theory. These archaeologists believe that the paleolithic people of North America came solely from Asia by crossing the Bering Straights via a land bridge that was in existence various times during the Pleistocene ice age. During that period a lot of earths water was frozen in ice sheets covering North America and Europe. This caused the sea levels to drop significantly, and caused dry beds to be exposed. These dry beds connected Siberia and Alaska.

Beringia during the Pleistocene ice age.

Present day Beringia.
 The Solutrean theory is a hypothesis that the America's was also settled by people from Europe and that these people may have been the earliest settlers of the America's. The ice age Europeans may have crossed the North Atlantic ocean along the edge of pack ice that extended from the coast of France to North America.

I am a firm believer in this theory because it shows how certain indigenous tribes of the America's carry the rhesus negative blood factor. In this article I will show you the facts that prove early European people brought the rhesus Negative factor to the America's.

Dennis Stanford of the Smithsonian Institute is a highly known advocate of the Solutrean theory. Stanford noted during a PBS interview that during the ice age a northern route to the America's was possible. He said that ice age fisherman and hunters sailed the Atlantic in tiny boats made of animal skins 18,000 years ago and colonised the eastern U.S. "The gap between Europe and America was greatly reduced." Stanford said "It could be feasible for fishermen, whale, and seal hunters to sail around the southern rim of the packs of sea ice that covered the North Atlantic and reach land around the banks of Newfoundland." According to Stanford "Such a journey would represent one of the most astonishing migrations ever undertaken - the earth wastelands blasted by storms and blizzards"

Although the weather would be unpredictable such a theory is still possible. Much of the planets water was frozen solid away in ice caps and glaciers, which would've caused sea levels to be substantially lower then today's. The continental shelf would've been exposed so the ocean gap between the continents would not have been as wide. The European Solutreans could fish and hunt seals for food and use pack ice for fresh drinking water. When they weren't sailing they could use their boat as a form of shelter.


This map depicts how the ice formed a bridge from Europe to America.



 Stanford's theory is based on archaeological discoveries that indicate ancient American people were culturally far more similar to the stone age people of France, Spain, and Ireland than the Asian people whom scientists had thought to be the only prehistoric settlers of North America.

I believe that there were two different groups of people who made separate migration to North America. I believe prehistoric people of Europe travelled over Atlantic ocean via an ice bridge, entered North America on the northern coast of North America.

The ancient remains found in North America seem to back the theory of two different groups of people making separate migrations.

The skull of a 15 year girl known as "Minnesota Woman" has distinctly European features. Minnesota Woman has-been dated to be anywhere from 15,000 to 20,000 years old. She was found near a glacier Lake Pelican in Minnesota. The lake was formed near the end of the ice age.

 Another similar skeleton of a 26 year old woman, who has been named Peñon woman was found near the edge of prehistoric Lake Texcoco which once existed in the valley of Mexico. Her remains were dated at 13,000 years old by Liverpool's John Moores University and Oxford's Research Laboratory of Archaeology. When Dr. Silvia Gonzalez an archaeologist of John Morres University and the leader of the research team examined Peñon Woman's remains she was intrigued by her skull because of its European features. Dr. Gonzalez found the skull to be "dolichocephalic"; that is long and narrow, like those of today's Western Europeans.  Today's native Americans have short and wide skulls like the Mongols of Asia.

A visual comparison of typical Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid skulls.
 Kennewick man is yet another example of a Paleolithic American remains found to have distinct European features. Kennewick man was found on the bank of the Columbia river in Kennewick, Washington, on July 28, 1996. Kennewick man also known as " The Ancient One" is one of the most complete Paleolithic skeletons ever found. Radiocarbon tests on the bones have shown them to be approximately 9000 years old.

The results of a genetic investigation published in 2015 pointed toward a Native America ancestry. He was found to be closely related to the Coleville tribe in northeast Washington. Due to the fact Kennewick man lived in North America it would only make sense that he would have future ancestors in North America. What I find intriguing is even though Kennewick man and the Coleville tribe share DNA, the Coleville tribe contain Asian like pieces of DNA not found in Kennewick man. If Kennewick man does not have Asian DNA and has European features wouldn't that lead you to believe Kennewick man is a descendant of the European Solutreans?! Scientists studied the chemical composition of Kennewick man's skeleton, they concluded that he lived on a coast line for much of his life. Which would make you think of a Solutrean lifestyle.

 However this man got to Kennewick is anyone's guess. One thing that is for sure the ancient community of Kennewick embraced him; his body was buried carefully after he died at the approximate age of 40. He was found to have a spear lodged in his pelvic bone. The wound hadn't been fatal because he lived for a long while with the spear lodged inside of him. Kennewick man was most likely a skilled hunter and warrior. His culture must of had a general understanding of medical care in order for him to survive such a wound.

The facial reconstruction of Kennewick man. 

I believe Kennewick man was a descendant of the European Solutreans. If proper care would've been taken during and after his discovery the world would know with out a doubt that Ancient Europeans travelled the perilous journey to the New World with total certainty. I find it sad that the hate for Europeans is so strong that it gets in the way of the truth. 
 The controversy surrounding Kennewick that lead to the 9 year court battle for knowledge of the ancient past is an injustice to the people of the world and a sad display of justice in the United States.
 Everything that could be done to sabotage the study of Kennewick man had been done. Scientists recommended that the sediment layer where Kennewick man was discovered be extensively studied, the US Army Corps of Engineers buried the site with 2 million pounds of dirt and rocks. Due to this act of government vandalism efforts to determine if there are other artifacts at the site, and help determine the relationship between the remains and the culture of Paleolithic people has been hindered. USACE consulted extensively with the American Natives about the plan to bury the discovery site but did not bring it to the attention of the scientists. The scientists heard a rumour about the plan and contacted the USACE repeatedly but they never heard anything back until the plan to bury the discovery site was finalised. The USACE buried the site despite the outcry from concerned citizens and members from congress who were opposed to the "project". The House of Representatives and the Senate were in the process of passing legislation that would prohibit the USACE's scheme. This only made the USACE hurry to complete the project before the legislation was passed.

 Not only was the discovery site destroyed by the USACE, they allowed the Native Americans to place ceder branches and other items into the box containing Kennewick mans remains, threatening further contamination to the ancient remains. If DNA from these Native Americans came into contact with Kennewick man it could overwhelm the ancient DNA and sabotage any future genetic testing. Both of Kennewick mans femurs disappeared while in government custody. These two bones are second in importance next to the skull  for determining relatedness to modern people. At every stage of the court case the Native Americans were consulted regarding their desires, and usually they were accommodated, but the scientists never were. Limited study of Kennewick man was permitted by scientists chosen by the government and the Natives. Tax payer money funded the study but the findings were never released to the public, although the Natives were allowed to see the findings.
In 2005 senator John McCain passed legislation entitled "Native American Omnibus Act of 2005" Section 108 of that bill deemed that any Native American graves found all artifacts and remains go directly to the Native Americans before any scientific testing can be done. This legislation attempts to prevent researchers from studying prehistoric archaeological remains, which gives credence to the theory that contemporary Native Americans were not the first or only people living in the New World during the ice age.

I believe that all the efforts trying to hide the truth about the European Solutreans who crossed over the ice packs has all been in vain! There are a few genetic traits that are found exclusively and abundantly in the people of Spain, France, and Ireland, the countries where the Solutreans originated before coming to North America
 and those traits are the Rhesus Negative factor and haplogroup X! The oldest known people of Europe are the Basques of Spain and France. They have the highest frequency of Rhesus Negative blood. I believe the Basques are modern day ancestors of the Solutreans who lived in that area during the ice age. I believe that some Solutreans decided to leave their home land of Europe and migrate over the the Atlantic ocean using the ice bridge. These Solutreans brought the Rhesus negative blood line and the haplogroup X mitochondrial DNA with them to the America's. There are a few physical traits that go hand in hand with Rhesus negative blood and those traits are pale skin with freckles and red hair.

 A prime example of ancient red haired people in North America are the Lovelock Cave Mummies. Lovelock Cave is found 80 miles northeast of Reno, Nevada. In 1911 guano miners found numerous sets of remains naturally mummified under 4 feet of bat guano. The remains were carefully documented. While examining the remains people were surprised to find several of the mummies had red hair. They also found the mummies were of tall stature, which is not at all like the contemporary Native Americans of today. Photographs of the skulls show a close resemblance to Kennewick man. All the skulls of Lovelock Cave show Caucasoid features. Several modern day Native American tribes have legends of pale skinned and/or red haired people's. In fact the Paiutes, a tribe native to Nevada, have a legend about exterminating an enemy tribe of red haired people.

Lovelock Cave skulls. Notice the distinct Caucasoid features.

 We may not have all the information that we should but if we look at everything we do know a picture will emerge! Asian DNA has 4 different haplogroups, which are A, B, C, and D. Native Americans share these four haplogroups plus one extra, haplo group X. Haplogroup X is found primarily in Europeans. Researchers claim that haplogroup X was introduced to the Native American gene pool several thousands of years ago and can not be the result of interbreeding with any recent European groups such as the Vikings.

I'm going to go further into detail about haplogroup X so that you the reader can have a firm understanding of how haplogroup X and the rhesus negative factor correlate. I also want to share how the rhesus factor was introduced into the indigenous American gene pool by Europeans.


Map 1: Rhesus negative frequency in Europe.
Map 2: Haplo group X frequency in Europe.
When you compare map 1 and 2 you can see that there is a correlation between the demographics of rhesus negative and haplogroup X.




Haplogroup X is a human mitochondrial DNA. The genetic sequences of haplogroup X diverged originally from haplogroup N, and subsequently further diverged about 20,000 to 30,000 years ago to give rise to two sub-groups, X1 and X2. Haplogroup X accounts for 2% of the overall European population. Just as haplogroup X is rare so is the rhesus negative blood type, only 15% of the European population has this blood type. Passing on rhesus negative blood is far eaiser then passing on mtDNA. In order for mitochondrial DNA to be passed on, the direct line from mother to daughter can not be broken. Unlike the rhesus negative factor which can be passed from both the mother and father to the child. Haplogroup X appears to have had an immense population expansion and dispersal around and soon after the last ice age, about 21,000 years ago. It is more strongly present in the Near East, the Caucasus Mountains and Mediterranean Europe, which includes the countries of Spain, southern France, Portugal, the Italian peninsula and Greece. Haplogroup X is somewhat less common in the rest of Europe. Other particular concentrations of this haplogroup appear in Georgia (8%), the Orkney Islands off Scotland (7%) and amongst the Israeli Druze (26%). Haplogroup X is found in some Native Americans. Although it occurs in much lower frequencies and only makes up 3% of the total indigenous population. It is a major haplogroup for northeastern North American Natives, where among the Algonquin tribe it makes up 23% of mtDNA types. It is also present in lesser percentages to the west and south of this area; in the North American Sioux (15%), the Nuu-Chan-Nulth (11-13%), the Navajo (7%) and the Yakima (5%), and in South America among the Yanomi people(12%) in 8 villages in Roraima in northern Brazil.

 I believe that haplogroup X correlate with rhesus negative blood. I believe that if you were to look at the Native Americans with this haplogroup you will more than likely find rhesus negative blood. I believe that the Solutreans brought these genetic characteristics with them to the New World. These Solutreans began by colonising the eastern North American coastal lands, then began spreading out. The  European Solutreans were the first Americans by 7000 years. Although the Solutreans were the first to arrive they probably did not migrate in large numbers. They also only had a 4500 year window of opportunity to migrate, compared to the 15,000 year window of opportunity the early Asians had.  It's very possible the shear numbers of the early Asians wiped out the early Europeans. Genetics has given us a clue to what may have happened between the different groups of early Americans. It's an age old fact that when a population conquers another population, the males of the winning people take wives of the conquered people. That is most likely why haplogroup X is still present in modern day Native Americans. Haplogroup X is mitochondrial DNA., the DNA that is passed from mother to child, and is passed from mother to daughter with very little change in mutation through the generations. So it seems that the early Europeans assimilated with the early Asians. When these two groups merged they gave birth to the Clovis era. As time went by a new distinct population of people became known as today's indigenous North Americans.

14 comments:

  1. I am X2 maternal haplo group female with O negative blood. Born with white blonde hair that turned reddish gold, blue/ green/ grey eyes 5'6" 135 lbs. How did I get here?

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    1. I am 5’5 born to native Americans Hispanic parents in Texas born with blonde hair green eyes my hair is now reddish blonde gold hihligyim very fair skinned I’m rn-omega just like my dad and my grandmother who was Indian on his side but my mothers side was Indian and Hispanic too but were from Texas not Mexico I’m the only one of my brothers and sisters that have the 0 meg blood type like my dad he was the only one to have it from his mom and there was 7 of them I passed it to my 2 dauzughtrs not my sons My one daughter has light brown eyes with yellow the other has green like me both meg o my boys who came first no like there dad he’s Puerto Rican but I want to find out out if I passed the hapx dna to all of my children they say we are different I don’t understand

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    2. I learned you may not have the exact genes of your sisters or brothers, you may, or may not have the haploid x, but if you do, you may have passed it down to your children. I don't know enough to know if this is always the case or if it is recessive or dominant.

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  2. Me again, am oh British Irish Swiss descent. Eyes have black ring around iris. Why and how did I get such rare blood AND mthaplogrouo? I live in Ontario Canada. Any discussion appreciated, Susy

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  3. Hi Kate, this is the 2nd blog I have read of yours and your information is quite interesting. I am familiar with the Haploid X and have read extensively about Edgar Cayce. He is my faforite psychic of the 20th century. He believed in reincarnation and also had alot to say about Atlantis. Cayce stated that Atlantis had 3 major breakups, and many people left, many who lived on the west coast of Atlantis moved to the eastern North America and became the tribes of the Iriquoi, many who have rh negative blood, and many of the people on the east side of Atlantis went to the Pyrenie mountains, where the Basque people are. These people are mainly RH negative. They are the decendants of Atlanteans, and are of the red race. The haploid x is of these peoples. Very interesting reading if you are interested. Sorry about my spelling. Thanks for all the info, it is really a great read. :)

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  4. Kate, I just completed this article, and I am curious, I know nothing of the Solutreans, what race were they? They could have come like you describe, however you call them Europeans, were they of the red race? If not, I urge you to read Cayce's writings regarding Atlantis. I agree with you about the haplo x and rh negative blood. I believe however the many people who came to the east coast of North America were Atlanteans and they are of the red race. Cayce says the last break up and sinking of Atlantis was 10,000 years ago. He also said priests brought all the knowledge, and history of Atlantis to Eygpt, and these documents are in the chamber of the right paw of the Spinx. thanks, Bernie

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  5. Fascinating stuff, and I appreciate the mention of Kennewick man NOT containing the Asian DNA, even though they claim he's "native American", when he clearly looks European/Caucasian. The whole term "native American" is racist, anyway. They are no more native than anyone else whose ancestors migrated here, and certainly not more American.

    The whole reason that so many Amerind people protest the Solutrean Hypothesis isn't because they can't believe it; it's because, if they do admit it's likely, then they have to admit that their ancestors were responsible for wiping out other people, as they claim was done to them. Simple fact is, that 's what happens when groups encounter one another, and one has greater numbers.

    The Solutrean Hypothesis is solid, based on all available evidence, and even NatGeo is admitting to this these days. DNA with a subgroup of X is still X, and still European in nature. Claims that those people "might not have been white" are no more valid than claims that the people crossing the Bering land mass were perhaps "not Amerind". The racial groups have been established for quite some time.

    The connection between the X haplogroup and the Rh negative factor is interesting. Being Rh negative, I've done a lot of reading on the subject, and have always, also, been interested in ancient people in the Americas. Stories such as the "moon-eyed people", and others whom Amerind tribes claimed were white-skinned, whom they wiped out or drove away, would be easily explained by the Solutreans.

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  6. This is exciting. Just watched David Suzukis " The nature of Things doc on the ice bridge.check it out. Also read" Odysseus and the sea people's, a bronze age history of Scotland by Edo Nyland( author of Linguistic Archeology. He discusses the rhesus factor in prehistory among other things. I am an amateur archeologist/ anthropologist researcher. I have collected many artifacts in BC.i believe your theory is highly plausible and is in process of being proven.i am rhesus neg from my mother. My brother was born blue but in the 50s the vaccine to neutralize mothers immune response came out. My Aunt says that many gravestones in Nova Scotia had multiple stones for babies that didn't survive. Likely children of Scottish Rhesus neg mothers with rhesus positive fathers. My blood type is from islands off Scotland when there is up to 45% Rhesus neg in population. As in Eros book this hi incidence stretches up the coast ship building ports from Morrocco upnthru France Spain ireland9islands off)Scotland and Norway etc.

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  7. There’s is another possibility. The Haplogroup X and the Rh neg factor found among some ancient paleo-Americans could have the same source as paleo-Europeans in Central Asia. We know Neolithic Caucasians migrated westward from the plains in Asia north of the Near East. So it’s plausible an early population existed that migrated eastward possibility interbreeding with Siberia populations also migrating to eventually into the Western Hemisphere.

    That said, Neolithic Europeans whose ancestors came from Asia could have migrated westward using the same means as paleo-Siberians, but there’s just not enough evidence yet to support that theory to my satisfaction.

    This is an intriguing idea, but I don’t one should leap to conclusions about it just yet.

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  8. I think we need to get away from the social constructs of race.
    The human race is far more diverse than Caucasoid, Mongoloid, and Negroid.

    Africa is the continent with the greatest diversity.
    It has thousands of ethnic groups , and that includes Nigeria having over 250 ethnic groups.

    I am a descendant of Jean Blanchard and Radegonde Lambert who were French immigrants in Acadia. Radegonde's mitchondrial haplogroup was found to be X. It's X2b4.

    I am Multiracial American that is highly multiethnic.
    The Acadian ancestry is on the side of my African American father who was born and raised in New Orleans. His mother was born in Southwestern Louisiana, and her maternal grandfather was the biracial son of man who was the son of a man that was an English American from Gates County, North Carolina and a woman that was 3/4 Acadian born in Assumption Parish, Louisiana.

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    1. X2b: found throughout Europe (incl. Sardinia and Orkney), in Morocco, among the Druzes and in parts of Central Asia / found in Eary & Middle Neolithic France, Late Neolithic England, Spain & Portugal (Bell Beaker)

      X2b1: found in Kazakhstan

      X2b2: found in Morocco

      X2b3

      X2b4: found in England, France, Germany, Czech Republic, Scandinavia and in the Levant (Druzes) / found in Neolithic Alsace, in Bell Beaker Netherlands, and in Bronze Age Poland

      X2b4a: found in Britain and Sweden / found in Late Neolithic France (Bell Beaker)

      X2b5: found in Scandinavia, Britain and Ireland

      X2b6: found in Norway, Germany, Switzerland, Britain, Ireland and Spain (Cantabria) / found in Late Neolithic England (Bell Beaker) and in the Unetice culture

      X2b6a : found in Germany

      X2b7: found in France, Poland, Belarus, Moldova and Romania

      X2b8 : found in Britain, Ireland and Norway

      X2b9 : found in Finland

      X2b10 : found in Britain, France and Germany

      X2b11 : found in Ireland and Norway

      https://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_X_mtDNA.shtml

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  9. What am I doing with Haplogroup X1b, and O-, Rh negative? How did I inherit this rare combo? My maternal ancestors, as far back as I can trace, were German, English. I would like to be studied for answers to my questions. I was told by a geneticist that I'm a descendant of Atlanteans. My paternal ancestors were Hispanic.

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